CDB15:0001620 XCL1 — XCR1
Experimentally validated in Human, Mouse; Orthology-inferred in Human, Rat, Frog, Chicken, Macaque, Pig, Dog, Cow, Horse, Marmoset, Sheep, Mouse, Chimp
Title
Journal:; Year Published:
Abstract
Role of C chemokine lymphotactin in mediating recruitment of antigen-specific CD62L(lo) cells in vitro and in vivo.
Cellular immunology, 2001; PubMed, Mus Musculus Xcl1 — Mus Musculus Xcr1
ABSTRACT: In this study we investigated whether T cells expressing high or low levels of CD62L were differentially susceptible to the T cell chemokine lymphotactin. We found that lymphotactin induced preferential migration of antigen-specific (CD62L(lo)) T cells over the nonspecific (CD62L(hi)) T cells in vitro and in vivo. The differing migratory abilities correlated with higher levels of mRNA encoding the lymphotactin receptor (XCR1) on the CD62L(lo) cells compared to the CD62L(hi) cells. Thus, we have identified a coupling mechanism between the activation of T cells and acquisition of new homing properties, in this case conferred by XCR1 expression. These data confirm that at least one function of lymphotactin includes mediating the recruitment of recently activated antigen-specific T cells.
Identification of single C motif-1/lymphotactin receptor XCR1.
The Journal of biological chemistry, 1998; PubMed, Homo sapiens XCL1 — Homo sapiens XCR1
ABSTRACT: Single C motif-1 (SCM-1)/lymphotactin is a member of the chemokine superfamily, but retains only the 2nd and 4th of the four cysteine residues conserved in other chemokines. In humans, there are two highly homologous SCM-1 genes encoding SCM-1alpha and SCM-1beta with two amino acid substitutions. To identify a specific receptor for SCM-1 proteins, we produced recombinant SCM-1alpha and SCM-1beta by the baculovirus expression system and tested them on murine L1.2 cells stably expressing eight known chemokine receptors and three orphan receptors. Both proteins specifically induced migration in cells expressing an orphan receptor, GPR5. The migration was chemotactic and suppressed by pertussis toxin, indicating coupling to a Galpha type of G protein. Both proteins also induced intracellular calcium mobilization in GPR5-expressing L1.2 cells with efficient mutual cross desensitization. SCM-1alpha bound specifically to GPR5-expressing L1.2 cells with a Kd of 10 nM. By Northern blot analysis, GPR5 mRNA of about 5 kilobases was detected strongly in placenta and weakly in spleen and thymus among various human tissues. Identification of a specific receptor for SCM-1 would facilitate our investigation on its biological function. Following the set rule for the chemokine receptor nomenclature, we propose to designate GPR5 as XCR1 from XC chemokine receptor-1.